travel in russia safety2
The information provides security of life and health visitors in the process of service provided in accordance with the current regulatory documents.
1.2 Monitoring the implementation of safety requirements
Control over compliance with requirements provide the safety of tourists, governments exercising control over the security in accordance with their competence (the Federation of the security services and security companies, the Ministry of Interior).
Monitoring is carried out early in the season when checking availability of tourist enterprises and the route to exploitation, as well as during the current audit.
Current testing to ensure the safety of tourists conducted in accordance with plans and schedules of technical examinations (tests) of buildings, structures, vehicles, beaches and bathing places, tourist equipment and inventory. issued by the tourists rolled items, check the cooking, the terms and conditions of storage and transportation of food, travel checks ready to be released in campaigns.
Safety monitoring of tourist service by using the following methods:
visually (by inspection of the facilities: the territory, which forms the tourist trail hike, turiskogo equipment and inventory, etc.);
with the use of measurement (quality control of water, air, etc., the technical condition of the road, lifting equipment, transport means., etc.);
case studies (by the survey of tourists and staff);
analytical (analyzing the content of the documentation: passport route; Medical Journal survey of tourists coming to the route and other documents).
1.3 Safety of tourism
Talking about the security of tourism, it should be emphasized that this is a broad, complex and multifaceted concept. First, we can simplify the security of tourism and present them to the primitive, as the protection of tourist facilities or the non-stop "Watchmen" in hotels. On the latter point of view insists that a great many companies with prefixes "security guard". These firms believe that the head of tourism safety is the possibility of attaching to every tourist with a shaved neck guard, using as bait lists of bars, restaurants, vacation spots in Moscow, which supposedly safe and "risky" lists, where it is best to go with protection and so on.
The idea of "support" tourist security guards from the airport to the airport, not only do not help tourism, but also cause irreparable harm to him, Who in these circumstances would go to such a country? Lacking only the argument that tourists will enjoy the sights through the cracks and armored tanks.
Safety of tourism should be based on a carefully thought out, targeted and comprehensive system of measures to create conditions under which any incident with tourists certainly could not have happened. Safety of tourism can be divided into several levels, starting with the security of accommodation and transport, accommodation and recreational facilities, tourist centers, as well as a whole. At the same time imposed by the security measures should not be detrimental to the interests, prejudice the rights and freedoms of both the tourists and local residents.
An example of such activity may serve as a Mexican tourist safety program. In April 1996 under the leadership of the Ministry of Tourism of Mexico and of the Council of Tourism Development City Hall in Mexico City conference was held to develop a state program of tourism security. Mexican authorities have given the highest importance to the issue, viewing it as an essential element of the overall national program for development of tourism in the country.
The conference called for the immediate develop a single comprehensive program to ensure the safety of foreign tourists, from the moment they cross the border, if not since the issue visas.
Tourism security program includes the following measures:
- Creation of information points at entry points of foreign tourists at airports, marine terminals and other border crossings to provide them with advice and assistance. Part of this work will be assigned to the Embassy of Mexico in the world, comes from the main stream of tourist arrivals, including in Russia;
- Publication under the auspices of the Ministry of Tourism of the state of information on Mexico, socio-cultural and national characteristics of its population. These publications will be named the place of high crime situation in a number of tourist centers, are reviews of the practice among local criminal elements against foreigners;
- The adoption of legislative and other normative acts to toughen penalties for cheating taxi drivers, tourists, employees of hotels, restaurants, shops and other service enterprises;
- The creation of "tourist police" - a central information and mobile police force in Mexico to provide urgent assistance to tourists. When entering the country are given the coordinates of each tourist and phone numbers of the center (center staff is fluent in six foreign languages (English, French, German, Italian, Swedish and Japanese)).
The main measures are also classified as the need to increase the requirements for reliability and safety of vehicles used by local travel agencies, as well as the assets of tourists in hotels.
A separate security plan drawn up by the international airport in Mexico City as the largest element of the tourism infrastructure, serving over 20 million passengers a year.
The establishment of such safety programs, tourism is typical of many countries. A similar problem is also facing the Russian authorities of tourism, including in the regions.
In the United States Council was formed to enhance the safety of air travel, which has developed the following measures to enhance the safety of air transport:
- Police were instructed to immediately introduce a special airport check employees who have access to the "security zone" air terminals, for criminal history, current offense and the identification of negative behavior;
- The airlines carefully execute and verify the lists of departing passengers on international flights. In the case of crash airline is obliged to an hour after the first reports about the incident to provide a full list of injured passengers at the disposal of the relevant services of the United States. The list should include the identification data of each passenger's passport number, name of the country that issued it, as well as data and telephone numbers of any of the relatives or friends of passengers in case of "emergencies." At the same time developing a system of rapid alert relatives of passengers on domestic routes affected the United States;
- In all U.S. airports to introduce a single computer system for the detection and identification of potential terrorists. As experts believe, the system will allow real-time flow of tourists to select the most "interesting" from an operational point of view of those whose behavior or route of the cities and countries to give grounds for suspecting them of involvement in terrorist acts, and to immediately build dossiers on them for taking a more careful development of forces and means connecting the FBI;
- In 50 U.S. airports to install the latest equipment to detect explosive devices (the cost of each set of more than $ 1 million);
- From the federal budget earmarked airlines to create a special fund of U.S. $ 100 million for the development of fundamentally new types of hardware detection of explosive devices.
In New York Airport "JFK" installed "Si-Ti-X 5000", which is by scanning objects and items of luggage with a high degree of assurance provides for detection of explosive devices of almost any type.
It is believed that the U.S. measures taken to receive approval in the European countries, which will eventually create a global system is almost the fight against international terrorism. After the events of September 11, 2001 in the U.S. security system will be completely changed.
From the standpoint of international law, acts of terrorism affecting the tourism industry are diverse and very complicated phenomenon, especially for performers and their goals. Terrorist acts cause great damage to the development of international tourism, complicate the process of making tourist trips abroad, forced to introduce more sophisticated border and formalities.
In order to combat terrorism, the international community has concluded a number of international conventions (Convention of the League of Nations in 1937 to prevent acts of terrorism, the Tokyo Convention on Terrorism 1963, the Montreal Convention 1971 on the Safety of Civil Aviation, the European Convention in 1976, the UN Convention 1979, etc.). The decisions of these conventions are the definition of a terrorist act, which in summary form can be formulated as: "the behavior of a person or group that serves as a strategy of direct violence affecting international relations, against the state and has the purpose to intimidate certain individuals or the public with the use of grenades, bombs, missiles and other weapons. "
Considering the safety issues of tourism, we should not forget the usual rules of compliance with the measures of behavior, away from tourist to emergencies. Tourists from the CIS countries abroad often find themselves in such situations because of the fact that they forget about basic care. Here are a few examples.
Most of our tourists who travel abroad for the first time, just not easy to navigate in unfamiliar foreign and chaotic reality. It is widely used, so to speak, "voluntary" Russian-speaking guides. What would happened to be close to our tourists, bewildered inspected in a foreign capital, the guide "know" him as his former fellow citizen, and is about this storm of delight. Then, as a rule, should help in organizing sightseeing easy walk, which ends in a sort of club where there is an abundance of colored girls, and very expensive drinks, for which the institution will make the tourist bouncers to pay, even if he did not touch them.
In another case, it may be young and beautiful former Russian citizen, telling tourists at the bar sentimental story of his stay in a foreign country. Our visitor at her request, treats a lady cocktail, for which later he will have to pay more than U.S. $ 100.
Here is an example of the worst kind of turn of events. On Christmas Eve in Budapest, 45-year-old Israeli tourist is of Georgian origin in an expensive and prestigious hotel "Atrium Hai-yat," as if by chance he met a young and attractive tourist from Minsk. The beginning of a romantic story ended fairly quickly. When walking through the streets of two accomplices, "tourists" pushed Israelis in the car, put a bag over his head and taken to a private apartment. Room at the tourist was robbed in the total amount of 30 thousand U.S. dollars, in addition him through torture sought obtain "loan" of $ 100 thousand dollars.
Such sad examples could go on and on. But all of them occurred because of excessive credulity of tourists and absolute disregard of the elementary rules of caution and personal safety.
Two. STATE REGULATION OF TOURISM
The dangers threaten not only individual but also society and the state as a whole, since each individual is a resident of this city and region, as well as a citizen of this country. Therefore, prevention of hazards and safety in tourism - a priority of the state. Since tourism is associated with temporary departures (trips) with a permanent residence and the realization of their cognitive, professional and business, recreational, sporting and other purposes through a variety of means (car, SUV, bicycles, scuba gear, kayaks, yachts, etc. etc.), referred to as dangerous to travel, then the state should regulate the tourist activity. It should be noted also that the so-called "adventure tourism" held in difficult geographical and natural conditions, which require precise organization of rescue and evacuation of tourists.
Tourism policy of the state manifests itself in the development and implementation of organizational measures to develop the tourism industry and stakeholders of the tourist market (tour operators and travel agents) that take into account a combination of safe delivery and implementation of the objectives of the tour. It boils down to a set of forms, methods and areas of operation to ensure high-quality tourism with the aim of preserving and developing the economic sector. The mechanism for implementing tourism policy includes:
production concepts for tourism development;
preparation of special programs of individual countries and territories;
development of measures to achieve their goals.
The State recognizes the tourist activity of one of the priority sectors of the economy of Russia. Regulating of simplified entry and exit into the territory of the countries visited is defined in the adopted 1996-1998. Decrees of the President in many countries. Tourism Management is focused on the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation (1995-1997 gg.) To maintain the population in the tourist-hotel complex, as well as standards: GOST 28681-90, "Standardization in the field of tourism and excursions", GOST 50645-94, "Classification hotels ", GOST 50644-94," Requirements for the safety of tourists and sightseers ", GOST 50681-94," Design of tourist services ", GOST 50690-94" tourist services. General requirements. "
The Russian Government Decree № 954-p approved the concept of tourism development up to 2005. In 2002 the Russian market of tourist services is still about 1% of the world, accounting for 7.4 million tourists a year. However, according to the developers of the concept, this figure may be increased to 40 million in Europe in the number of visits Russia is still in ninth place (Table 1). In 2000, St. Petersburg was visited by about 1.5 million foreign nationals, while in Paris - 220 million, London and Prague - by 80 million tourists. To increase tourist traffic and the task "of forming a modern marketing strategy to promote tourism product in the domestic and international markets" is supposed to use traditional methods and state resources.
